Mu 2022, Ubushinwa bwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga buzagera kuri miliyoni 3.32, burenze Ubudage buza ku mwanya wa kabiri mu bihugu byohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ku isi. Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu buyobozi bukuru bwa gasutamo yakozwe n’ishyirahamwe ry’Ubushinwa ry’abakora amamodoka, mu gihembwe cya mbere cy’uyu mwaka, Ubushinwa bwohereje imodoka zigera kuri miliyoni 1.07, umwaka ushize bwiyongeraho 58.1%, burenga ibyoherezwa mu modoka z’Ubuyapani muri icyo gihe kimwe, kandi biba ibihugu byinshi byohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ku isi.
Umwaka ushize, ibicuruzwa by’amashanyarazi byo mu Bushinwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byageze ku bice 679.000, umwaka ushize byiyongera inshuro 1,2, n’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga bwakwishyuza ibirundobakomeje kwiyongera. Byumvikane ko ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu zishyuza ikirundo aribicuruzwa byubucuruzi bw’amahanga bifite igipimo kinini cyo guhindura ibicuruzwa ku rubuga rw’ubucuruzi bw’imipaka mu gihugu cyanjye. Muri 2022, ibisabwa mu birundo byo kwishyuza mu mahanga biziyongera 245%; muri Werurwe uyu mwaka wonyine, icyifuzo cyo kugura ibirundo mu mahanga cyazamutseho 218%.
Ati: "Kuva muri Nyakanga 2022, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byoherezwa mu mahanga bigenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro. Ibi bifitanye isano n'amateka yo gushyiraho politiki nyinshi ziva mu Burayi no muri Amerika kugira ngo zihure n'iterambere ry'inganda nshya z’imodoka z’Ubushinwa." Mu kiganiro yagiranye n’abanyamakuru, Su Xin, umuyobozi n’umuyobozi mukuru wa Energy Times.
Tong Zongqi, umunyamabanga mukuru w’ishami rishinzwe kwishyuza no kugurisha ishami ry’Ubushinwa ry’inganda zikora amamodoka akaba n’umunyamabanga mukuru wungirije w’ishyirahamwe ry’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa rishinzwe ibikorwa remezo biteza imbere ibikorwa remezo, yabwiye abanyamakuru ko kuri ubu hari inzira ebyiri zo kwishyuza ibigo by’ibirundo “kujya ku isi”. Imwe ni ugukoresha imiyoboro y'abacuruzi b'abanyamahanga cyangwa ibikoresho bifitanye isano no kohereza hanze ubwabo;
Ku isi hose, kubaka ibikorwa remezo byo kwishyuza byabaye intangiriro y’ibihugu byinshi n’uturere kugira ngo biteze imbere ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ingamba nshya z’ibinyabiziga bitanga ingufu. Politiki y’ibikorwa remezo yishyurwa yatanzwe n’Uburayi na Amerika birasobanutse kandi byiza, hagamijwe “gusubira ku mwanya wa mbere” mu marushanwa y’inganda nshya z’ingufu z’ingufu. Nkuko Su Xin abibona, mu myaka 3 kugeza kuri 5 iri imbere, igice kinini cy’ibikorwa remezo bishya by’ingufu zishyurwa ku isi biteganijwe ko kizarangira. Muri iki gihe, isoko rizazamuka vuba, hanyuma rihamye kandi ribe ku gipimo cyiza cyiterambere.
Byumvikane ko kurubuga rwa Amazone, hari amasosiyete menshi yubushinwa yishimiye ibihembo kumurongo wa "kujya kwisi", kandi Chengdu Coens Technology Co., Ltd. (aha bita "Coens") nimwe murimwe. Kuva yatangira ubucuruzi ku rubuga rwa Amazone mu 2017, Cohens yafashe ikirango cyayo “kujya mu mahanga”, ibaye sosiyete ya mbere yishyuza ibirundo mu Bushinwa ndetse na bane ba mbere ku isi bujuje ubuziranenge bw'amashanyarazi atatu yo mu Burayi. Mu maso y’abakozi bo mu nganda, uru rugero rurahagije kugira ngo rwerekane ko amasosiyete y’Abashinwa ashobora kwishingikiriza ku mbaraga zayo kugira ngo yubake ibirango by’isi ku masoko yo hanze binyuze mu miyoboro ya interineti.
Urwego rwa "uruhare" mumasoko yo kwishyuza ibirundo murugo biragaragara kuri bose muruganda. Urebye ibi, gushakisha amasoko yo hanze ntabwo bikenewe gusa mubikorwa bya Nuggets ku isi "inyanja yubururu" ku isi, ahubwo ni inzira yo gukora indi "nzira yamaraso" ituruka kumarushanwa yo mumasoko yimbere mu gihugu. Sun Yuqi, umuyobozi wa Shenzhen ABB Company, amaze imyaka 8 akora mubijyanye no kwishyuza ibirundo. Yabonye ubwoko butandukanye bwamasosiyete "hanze yumuzingi" mumarushanwa kumasoko yimbere mu gihugu, kugeza igihe yaguye "urugamba" rwabo mumahanga.
Ni izihe nyungu zo kwishyuza ibirundo byo murugo "gusohoka"?
Ku bwa Zhang Sainan, umuyobozi wa konti zingenzi z’ifungurwa ry’amaduka ya Amazone ku isi, inyungu zo guhatanira inganda nshya z’imodoka z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa ku isoko ry’isi ahanini zituruka ku “nyungu” z’abaturage n’impano. Ati: "Urwego rwohejuru rutanga amasoko hamwe n’inganda zishobora gutera inkunga amasosiyete y’Abashinwa gukora ibicuruzwa byayoboye mu buryo bunoze. Mu rwego rwo kwishyiriraho ibirundo, turi imbere cyane mu nganda mu bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga. Hamwe n’inyungu za tekinike, hamwe n’ibishingwe bikoreshwa mu ishyirahamwe hamwe n’itsinda rinini ry’abashakashatsi, dushobora kurangiza kugwa ku bicuruzwa bifatika kandi tukabaha serivisi kuri bo." Ati.
Usibye ikoranabuhanga no gutanga amasoko, ibyiza byigiciro nabyo birakwiye kuvugwa. Ati: "Rimwe na rimwe, bagenzi bacu b'Abanyaburayi baraganira natwe bakatubaza ku giciro cy'ikirundo cy’igihugu cyishyuza DC. Turasubiza igice gisetsa, igihe cyose ikimenyetso cy'amayero gisimbuwe n'amafaranga, igisubizo ni. Umuntu wese ashobora kubona itandukaniro ry’ibiciro ari rinini." Sun Yuqi yabwiye abanyamakuru ko igiciro cy isoko ryaAmashanyarazi ya ACmuri Amerika ni 700-2,000 by'amadolari y'Abanyamerika, naho mu Bushinwa ni 2000-3000. Ati: "Isoko ryo mu gihugu ni 'ingano' kandi biragoye kubona amafaranga. Umuntu wese ashobora kujya ku masoko yo hanze kugira ngo yunguke byinshi.” Inkomoko y’inganda itashatse ko izina rye ritangazwa yatangarije abanyamakuru ko kwirinda amarushanwa akaze yo mu gihugu no kujya mu mahanga ari inzira yo guteza imbere amasosiyete y’ibirundo y’imbere mu gihugu.
Ariko, ibibazo ntibishobora gusuzugurwa. Urebye imbogamizi zishyurwa n’amasosiyete y’ibirundo azahura nazo igihe “bagiye mu nyanja”, Tong Zongqi yizera ko ikintu cya mbere kandi cy’ingenzi ari ingaruka za geopolitike, kandi ibigo bigomba kwibanda kuri iki kibazo.
Urebye kure, ni amahitamo atoroshye ariko akwiye kuriikirundoibigo byinjira ku isoko ryisi. Ariko, kuri iki cyiciro, ibigo byinshi bigomba guhura nibisabwa na politiki n'amabwiriza mu Burayi, Amerika ndetse no mu bindi bihugu n'uturere. Kurugero, muri Gashyantare uyu mwaka, guverinoma y’Amerika yasabye ko ibirundo byose byishyurwa byatewe inkunga n’itegeko ry’ibikorwa remezo by’igihugu bigomba gukorerwa mu karere, kandi inteko ya nyuma y’icyuma cyangwa ibyuma by’amashanyarazi cyangwa amazu, kimwe n’ibikorwa byose byo gukora, bigomba no gukorerwa muri Amerika, kandi iki cyifuzo kigahita gitangira gukurikizwa. Biravugwa ko guhera muri Nyakanga 2024, byibuze 55% yikiguzi cyo kwishyuza ibirundo bigomba guturuka muri Amerika.
Nigute dushobora gufata "idirishya ryingenzi" ryiterambere ryinganda mumyaka 3 kugeza 5 iri imbere? Su Xin yatanze igitekerezo, ni ukuvuga kugira isi yose uhereye kuntangiriro. Yashimangiye ati: "Amasoko yo mu mahanga arashobora gutanga inyungu zujuje ubuziranenge mu rwego rwo hejuru. Abashinwa bishyuza ibirundo by’ibirundo bafite ubushobozi bwo gukora ndetse n’ubushobozi bwo kugera ku isoko ry’isi. Nubwo igihe cyaba kiri kose, tugomba gufungura icyitegererezo tukareba isi."
Igihe cyoherejwe: Nyakanga-24-2023