Isesengura rishya ry’imiterere y’ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gushyushya 5 EV

Kugeza ubu, ku isi hari amahame atanu ajyanye no gushyushya imodoka. Amerika ya Ruguru ikoresha amabwiriza ya CCS1, Uburayi bukoresha amabwiriza ya CCS2, naho Ubushinwa bukoresha amabwiriza ya GB/T. Ubuyapani bwahoze ari ikigo gikomeye kandi bufite amabwiriza ya CHAdeMO. Ariko, Tesla yateguye imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi mbere kandi yari ifite umubare munini wazo. Yakoze amabwiriza yihariye yo gushyushya imodoka ya NACS kuva mu ntangiriro.

ItsindaCCS1Uburyo bwo gusharija busanzwe muri Amerika ya Ruguru bukoreshwa cyane cyane muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Kanada, bufite voltage ntarengwa ya AC ya 240V AC n'umuvuduko ntarengwa wa 80A AC; voltage ntarengwa ya DC ya 1000V DC n'umuvuduko ntarengwa wa 400A DC.

Nubwo amasosiyete menshi y’imodoka muri Amerika ya Ruguru ahatirwa gukurikiza amahame ya CCS1, mu bijyanye n’umubare w’imodoka zishyushya vuba cyane ndetse n’uburambe bwo gushyushya, CCS1 iri inyuma cyane ya Tesla NACS, ifite 60% by’isoko ry’imodoka zishyushya vuba muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Yakurikiwe na Electrify America, ishami rya Volkswagen, ifite 12.7%, na EVgo, ifite 8.4%.

Amakuru yashyizwe ahagaragara n'ishami rishinzwe ingufu muri Amerika agaragaza ko ku ya 21 Kamena 2023, hazaba hari sitasiyo 5,240 zo gushyushya CCS1 n'amasitasiyo 1,803 yo gushyushya Tesla muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Ariko, Tesla ifite imiyoboro igera ku 19,463 yo gushyushya, ikaba irenze Amerika yose hamwe.CHAdeMO(imizi 6993) na CCS1 (imizi 10471). Kuri ubu, Tesla ifite sitasiyo 5.000 zo gusharija cyane n'imizingo irenga 45.000 yo gusharija ku isi yose, kandi hari imizingo irenga 10.000 yo gusharija ku isoko ry'Ubushinwa.

Uko ibigo bitanga serivisi zo gushyushya no gushyushya bifatanya gushyigikira amahame ya Tesla NACS, umubare w'amatsinda yo gushyushya urimo kwiyongera. ChargePoint na Blink muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Wallbox NV muri Esipanye, na Tritium, ikigo gikora ibikoresho byo gushyushya imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi muri Ositaraliya, batangaje ko bashyigikiye amahame yo gushyushya NACS. Electrify America, iri ku mwanya wa kabiri muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, nayo yemeye kwinjira muri gahunda ya NACS. Ifite sitasiyo zisaga 850 zo gushyushya n'amamashini agera ku 4.000 yo gushyushya vuba muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Kanada.

Uretse kuba ubwinshi bw’imodoka ari bwiza, amasosiyete y’imodoka “yishingikiriza ku gipimo cya Tesla cya NACS, akenshi bitewe n’uburambe bwiza kurusha CCS1.

Uburyo bwo gusharija bwa Tesla NACS ni buto, burimo uburemere bworoshye, kandi ni bwiza ku bafite ubumuga n'abagore. Ikirenzeho, umuvuduko wo gusharija wa NACS ukubye kabiri uwa CCS1, kandi imikorere myiza yo kongera ingufu ni myinshi. Iki ni cyo kibazo cyibasira cyane abakoresha imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zo mu Burayi no muri Amerika.

Ugereranyije n'isoko ryo muri Amerika ya Ruguru, akarere k'i BurayiCCS2standard iri ku murongo umwe n’uw’Abanyamerika CCS1. Ni standard yatangijwe ku bufatanye n’Ishyirahamwe ry’Abahanga mu by’Imodoka (SAE), Ishyirahamwe ry’Abakora Imodoka mu Burayi (ACEA) n’ibigo umunani bikomeye bikora imodoka mu Budage no muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Kubera ko amasosiyete akomeye y’imodoka yo mu Burayi nka Volkswagen, Volvo, na Stellantis akunda gukoresha standard ya NACS yo gusharija, standard ya CCS2 yo mu Burayi irimo kugorwa.

Ibi bivuze ko uburyo bwo gushyushya buhuriweho (CCS) bukoreshwa ku masoko y’i Burayi na Amerika bushobora kwangirika vuba, kandi Tesla NACS yitezweho kuyisimbura ikaba uburyo bwo gushyushya bukoreshwa mu nganda.

Nubwo amasosiyete akomeye y’imodoka avuga ko akomeje gushyigikira amahame ngenderwaho ya CCS yo gushyushya, ni ukugira ngo babone inkunga ya leta yo kubaka imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi n’imizingo yo gushyushya. Urugero, guverinoma ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ivuga ko imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi n’imizingo yo gushyushya gusa bishyigikira amahame ngenderwaho ya CCS1 ari byo byonyine bishobora kubona umugabane wa miliyari 7.5 z’amadolari y’Amerika, ndetse na Tesla nayo ni uko.

Nubwo Toyota igurisha imodoka zirenga miliyoni 10 buri mwaka, imiterere y’ikoreshwa rya CHAdeMO mu gusharija iyobowe n’Ubuyapani iteye isoni cyane.

Ubuyapani bufite inyota yo gushyiraho amahame mpuzamahanga, bityo bwashyizeho amahame ya CHAdeMO yo gushyushya imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi hakiri kare cyane. Yatangijwe ku bufatanye n'abakora imodoka batanu bo mu Buyapani, itangira kwamamazwa ku isi yose mu 2010. Ariko, Toyota, Honda n'andi masosiyete y'imodoka yo mu Buyapani afite ingufu nyinshi mu modoka zikoresha lisansi n'imodoka zivanze, kandi zagiye zigenda buhoro buhoro ku isoko ry'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi kandi nta burenganzira bwo kuvuga. Kubera iyo mpamvu, aya mahame ntabwo yemejwe cyane, kandi akoreshwa gusa mu turere duto mu Buyapani, mu Burayi bw'Amajyaruguru, na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. , Koreya y'Epfo, izagenda igabanuka buhoro buhoro mu gihe kizaza.

Imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa ni nini cyane, aho kugurisha buri mwaka bingana na 60% by'umugabane w'isi. Nubwo hatabayeho ingano y'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, isoko rinini ry'ibicuruzwa imbere mu gihugu rirahagije kugira ngo rishyigikire uburyo bwo gushyushya buhuriweho. Ariko, imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa zirimo kujya ku isi yose, kandi ingano y'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byitezwe ko bizarenga miliyoni imwe mu 2023. Ntibishoboka kubaho mu ibanga.