01.Ni ubuhe buryo "gukonjesha gukonjesha super charging"?
ihame ry'akazi:
Amazi akonje cyane ya super charging nugushiraho umuyoboro udasanzwe wogukwirakwiza hagati yumugozi nimbunda yo kwishyuza.Amazi akonjesha kugirango akwirakwize ubushyuhe yongewe kumuyoboro, hanyuma akonjesha azenguruka binyuze mumashanyarazi kugirango azane ubushyuhe butangwa mugihe cyo kwishyuza.
Igice cyingufu za sisitemu ikoresha gukonjesha amazi kugirango ikwirakwize ubushyuhe, kandi nta guhanahana ikirere hamwe n’ibidukikije byo hanze, bityo birashobora kugera ku gishushanyo cya IP65.Muri icyo gihe, sisitemu ikoresha umuyaga munini wumuyaga kugirango ugabanye ubushyuhe n urusaku ruke hamwe n’ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije.
02.Ni izihe nyungu zo gukonjesha amazi akonje cyane?
Ibyiza byo gukonjesha ibintu birenze urugero:
1. Umuvuduko munini kandi wihuta wo kwishyuza.Ibisohoka Bya iikirundobigarukira ku kwishyuza imbunda.Umugozi wumuringa imbere yinsinga zumuriro utwara amashanyarazi, kandi ubushyuhe butangwa numuyoboro buringaniye nagaciro ka kare.Nini nini yo kwishyuza, niko ubushyuhe butangwa na kabili.Igomba kugabanuka.Kugira ngo wirinde ubushyuhe bwinshi, agace kambukiranya insinga kagomba kongerwa, kandi byanze bikunze insinga yimbunda izaba iremereye.Kugeza ubu imbunda ya 250A yigihugu isanzwe yishyuza ikoresha umugozi wa 80mm2.Imbunda yo kwishyuza iraremereye cyane muri rusange kandi ntabwo byoroshye kunama.Niba ushaka kugera ku ntera nini yo kwishyuza, urashobora kandi gukoresha imbunda ebyiri, ariko iki ni igipimo cyo guhagarara gusa mubihe byihariye.Igisubizo cyanyuma cyo kwishyuza cyane-gishobora kwishyurwa gusa nimbunda ikonjesha ikonje.
Hano hari insinga n'imiyoboro y'amazi imbere yimbunda ikonjesha.Umugozi wa 500A ukonjekwishyuza imbundamubisanzwe ni 35mm2 gusa, kandi ubushyuhe bukurwaho numuyoboro wa coolant mumuyoboro wamazi.Kubera ko umugozi unanutse, imbunda yo gukonjesha ikonje yoroha 30% kugeza 40% kuruta imbunda isanzwe.Imbunda ikonjesha amazi ikonje nayo igomba kuba ifite ibikoresho byo gukonjesha, bigizwe n'ikigega cy'amazi, pompe y'amazi, radiator na fana.Pompe y'amazi itwara ibicurane kuzenguruka kumurongo wimbunda, ikazana ubushyuhe kuri radiatori, hanyuma ikayihuha n’umufana, bityo ikagera ku bushobozi bunini bwo gutwara kuruta imbunda zisanzwe zisanzwe zikonje.
2. Umugozi wimbunda uroroshye kandi ibikoresho byo kwishyuza biroroshye.
3. Ubushyuhe buke, ubushyuhe bwihuse, n'umutekano mwinshi.Ibirundo byikirundo cyumuriro usanzwe hamwe nigice cya kabiri cyamazi akonjesha ikonjesha ikonjesha ikirere kugirango ubushyuhe bugabanuke.Umwuka winjira mumubiri wikirundo kuruhande rumwe, uhuha ubushyuhe bwibice byamashanyarazi hamwe na moderi ikosora, kandi bigatandukana numubiri wikirundo kurundi ruhande.Umwuka uzavangwa n ivumbi, spray yumunyu hamwe numwuka wamazi hanyuma byamamazwe hejuru yibikoresho byimbere, bikaviramo kutagira sisitemu mbi, kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe, gukora nabi, no kugabanya ubuzima bwibikoresho.Kubirundo bisanzwe byo kwishyiriraho cyangwa igice cyamazi yo gukonjesha ikirundo, gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe no kurinda ni ibintu bibiri bivuguruzanya.Niba kurinda ari byiza, gusohora ubushyuhe bizagorana kubishushanya, kandi niba ubushyuhe ari bwiza, kurinda bizagorana kubyitwaramo.
Ikirundo cyuzuye gikonjesha ikirundo ikoresha module ikonjesha.Nta muyoboro uhumeka uri imbere n'inyuma ya module ikonje.Module yishingikiriza kuri coolant izenguruka imbere yisahani ikonje kugirango ihana ubushyuhe nisi yo hanze.Kubwibyo, igice cyingufu zumuriro wumuriro kirashobora gufungwa byuzuye kugirango igabanye ubushyuhe.Imirasire ni hanze, kandi ubushyuhe buzanwa kuri radiatori binyuze muri coolant imbere, kandi umwuka wo hanze uhuha ubushyuhe hejuru yumuriro.Module yo gukonjesha ikonjesha hamwe nibikoresho byamashanyarazi imbere yikirundo cyumuriro ntaho bihuriye nibidukikije byo hanze, bityo bikagera kuri IP65 kurinda no kwizerwa cyane.
4. Urusaku ruke rwo kwishyuza nurwego rwo hejuru rwo kurinda.Ikirundo gisanzwe cyo kwishyiriraho hamwe na kimwe cya kabiri cyamazi-akonjesha ikirundo cyubatswe cyubatswe muburyo bwo gukonjesha ikirere.Module ikonjesha ikirere yubatswe hamwe nabafana benshi bafite umuvuduko mwinshi mwinshi, kandi urusaku rukora rugera kuri 65db.Hariho kandi abafana bakonje kumubiri wikirundo.Kugeza ubu, kwishyiriraho ibirundo ukoresheje moderi ikonjesha ikirere Iyo ikora ku mbaraga zose, urusaku ruri hejuru ya 70dB.Ntabwo igira ingaruka nke kumanywa ariko irahungabanya cyane nijoro.Kubwibyo, urusaku rwinshi kuri sitasiyo yumuriro nicyo kibazo cyinubira cyane kubakoresha.Niba binubira, bagomba gukosora ikibazo.Ariko, ibiciro byo gukosora ni byinshi kandi ingaruka ni nke cyane.Mu kurangiza, bagomba kugabanya imbaraga zo kugabanya urusaku.
Ikirundo cyuzuye-gikonjesha cyuzuye ikirundo gikoresha ubushyuhe bubiri bwikwirakwizwa ryububiko.Module y'imbere-gukonjesha ishingiye kuri pompe yamazi kugirango itwarwe na coolant kugirango igabanye ubushyuhe, kandi ihererekanya ubushyuhe butangwa na module kuri radiator ya fin.Gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwo hanze bigerwaho numuvuduko muke mwinshi wabafana cyangwa konderasi.Ubushyuhe bwatandukanijwe nigikoresho, kandi urusaku rwabafana rufite umuvuduko muke nubunini bwikirere ruri hasi cyane ugereranije numufana muto ufite umuvuduko mwinshi.Amazi yuzuye-akonje cyane-ibirundo birashobora kandi gushushanya igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe.Kimwe na konderasi yacitsemo ibice, ishami rishinzwe gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe rishyirwa kure yimbaga y'abantu, ndetse rishobora no guhanahana ubushyuhe hamwe n’ibidendezi n’amasoko kugira ngo ubushyuhe bwiza bugabanuke ndetse n’ibiciro biri hasi.urusaku.
5. TCO yo hasi
Igiciro cyibikoresho byo kwishyuza kuri sitasiyo yishyuza bigomba gutekerezwa uhereye kubuzima bwuzuye (TCO) bwikirundo.Ubuzima bwikirundo cyumuriro gakondo ukoresheje modules yo gukonjesha ikonje ikonje muri rusange ntabwo irenga imyaka 5, ariko igihe cyo gukodesha kubikorwa bya sitasiyo yumuriro ni imyaka 8-10, bivuze ko ibikoresho byo kwishyuza bigomba gusimburwa byibuze rimwe mugihe cya sitasiyo ukwezi.Ku rundi ruhande, ubuzima bwa serivisi bwibirundo bikonje byuzuye byuzuye byibuze byibuze imyaka 10, bishobora gukwirakwiza ubuzima bwose bwa sitasiyo.Muri icyo gihe, ugereranije no kwishyiriraho ibirundo ukoresheje moderi ikonjesha ikirere bisaba gufungura kenshi guverinoma, kuvanaho ivumbi, kubungabunga no gukora ibindi bikorwa, ibirundo byo gukonjesha byuzuye bikonje gusa bigomba guhindurwa nyuma yumukungugu wuzuye mumashanyarazi hanze, bigatuma kubungabunga byoroshye .
TCO ya sisitemu yuzuye yo gukonjesha ikonje iri munsi yubwa sisitemu gakondo yo kwishyuza ikoresheje moderi yo gukonjesha ikonje, kandi hamwe nogukoresha kwinshi kwa sisitemu ikonje yuzuye, ibyiza byayo bizagenda bigaragara neza.
03. Imiterere yisoko ryamazi akonje cyane
Dukurikije imibare iheruka gutangwa n’ubushinwa bwishyuza Ubushinwa, muri Gashyantare 2023 hari ibirundo 31.000 byishyuza rubanda muri Mutarama 2023 ugereranije na Mutarama 2023, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 54.1% muri Gashyantare.Kugeza muri Gashyantare 2023, imitwe y’abanyamuryango muri ubwo bufatanye yatangaje ko miliyoni 1.869 zose zishyuza ibirundo rusange, harimo 796.000DC kwishyuza ibirundona miliyoni 1.072Amashanyarazi ya AC.
Mubyukuri, uko umuvuduko w’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu bikomeje kwiyongera no gutera inkunga ibikoresho nko kwishyiriraho ibirundo bitera imbere byihuse, ikoranabuhanga rishya ryo gukonjesha amazi akonje ryabaye intandaro yo guhatanira inganda.Ibigo byinshi bishya bitanga ibinyabiziga ninganda zirunda ibirundo nabyo byatangiye gukora ubushakashatsi bwikoranabuhanga niterambere ndetse nuburyo bwo kwishyuza amafaranga menshi.
Tesla nisosiyete yambere yimodoka mu nganda yohereje ibirundo bikonjesha bikonjesha mu byiciro.Kugeza ubu, yohereje sitasiyo zirenga 1.500 mu Bushinwa hamwe n’ibirundo 10,000 byiyongera.Supercharger ya Tesla V3 ikoresha igishushanyo gikonjesha cyuzuye, module yo gukonjesha ikonje hamwe nimbunda ikonjesha.Imbunda imwe irashobora kwishyuza 250kW / 600A, ishobora kongera urugendo rw'ibirometero 250 mu minota 15.Moderi ya V4 igiye koherezwa mubice.Ikirundo cyo kwishyuza kandi cyongera imbaraga zo kwishyuza kuri 350kW kuri buri mbunda.
Nyuma yaho, Porsche Taycan yatangije 800V yumuriro mwinshi w'amashanyarazi yubatswe bwa mbere kwisi kandi ishyigikira amashanyarazi yihuta ya 350kW;Urukuta runini rwa Salon Mecha Dragon 2022 rwasohotse kwisi yose rufite amashanyarazi agera kuri 600A, voltage igera kuri 800V, nimbaraga zo kwishyuza hejuru ya 480kW;GAC AION V, hamwe n’umuvuduko mwinshi wa 1000V, umuyoboro ugera kuri 600A, nimbaraga zo kwishyuza zingana na 480kW;Xiaopeng G9, imodoka yakozwe cyane hamwe na 800V ya silicon carbide voltage, ikwiranye na 480kW yumuriro wihuse;
04. Ni ubuhe buryo buzaza bwo gukonjesha gukonje cyane?
Umwanya wo gukonjesha amazi arenze urugero, ukaba ufite amahirwe menshi kandi yiterambere ryagutse.Gukonjesha amazi ni igisubizo cyiza cyo kwishyuza ingufu nyinshi.Nta kibazo cya tekiniki gihari mugushushanya no kubyaza umusaruro amashanyarazi menshi yumuriro wamashanyarazi murugo no mumahanga.Birakenewe gukemura umurongo wa kabili uhereye kumashanyarazi menshi yumuriro wamashanyarazi kugeza imbunda yaka.
Nyamara, igipimo cyinjira mumashanyarazi menshi-akonjesha ikirundo kirenze urugero mugihugu cyanjye aracyari hasi.Ni ukubera ko imbunda zo gukonjesha zikonjesha zikoresha amafaranga menshi ugereranije n’igiciro cyinshi, kandi ibirundo byo kwishyuza byihuse bizinjiza isoko rifite agaciro ka miliyari amagana mu 2025. Nk’uko amakuru rusange abitangaza, ikigereranyo cy’ibiciro byo kwishyuza ni 0.4 Yuan / W.Bigereranijwe ko igiciro cya 240kW cyihuta cyo kwishyuza ari hafi 96.000.Ukurikije igiciro cy’umugozi w’imbunda zikonjesha zikonjesha mu kiganiro n'abanyamakuru ba CHINAEVSE, ni 20.000 yuKubara hafi 21% yikiguzi cyo kwishyuza ibirundo, bihinduka igice gihenze nyuma yo kwishyuza modules.Biteganijwe ko uko umubare wingufu nshya zishyirwaho byihuse ziyongera, umwanya wisoko ryimbaraga nyinshiibirundo byihutamu gihugu cyanjye kizaba hafi miliyari 133.4 z'amayero mu 2025.
Mugihe kizaza, tekinoroji yo gukonjesha super charging izakomeza kwihuta kwinjira.
Iterambere n'imiterere ya tekinoroji ifite ingufu nyinshi-ikonjesha tekinoroji iracyafite inzira ndende.Ibi bisaba ubufatanye bwamasosiyete yimodoka, amasosiyete ya batiri, ibigo birunda hamwe nandi mashyaka.Gusa muri ubu buryo, dushobora kurushaho gushyigikira iterambere ry’inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa, kurushaho guteza imbere kwishyurwa neza na V2G, gufasha kubungabunga ingufu no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, iterambere rya karuboni nkeya n’icyatsi, kandi twihutisha kugera ku ntego y’ingamba za "Carbone ebyiri".
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-04-2024